The Keating-Owen Child Labor Act was passed in 1916 in response to the census of 1900, saying that two million children were working in the United States. The bill was passed based on the power that the government had on the regulation of interstate commerce. Overall, it prevented children under a certain age to work in certain conditions. Children under 16 could not work in mines, at night, or for more than eight hours a day. This was ruled unconstitutional in Hammer v. Dagenhart by the Supreme Court on account of the fact that it overstepped the government's purpose of regulating interstate commerce.
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 also helped create child labor laws, as well as normal labor laws.
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